Risk Assessment Keberadaan Burung di Lingkungan Bandar Udara Studi Kasus: Bandar Udara Soekarno-Hatta

Minda Mora(1*), M. Hasan Bashory(2), Yusron Saaroni(3), Tedi Setiadi(4), Zaini Rakhman(5), Muhammad Rafiqi Sitompul(6)

(1) Puslitbang Transportasi Udara, Balitbanghub
(2) Puslitbang Transportasi Udara, Balitbanghub
(3) 
(4) 
(5) 
(6) Puslitbang Transportasi Udara, Balitbanghub
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The presence of birds in the airport area is a danger to aviation. Collisions between aircraft and birds (birdstrikes) have potential to damage the aircraft which is very detrimental to the airline financially and fatal accidents as the worst case. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) provides recommendations to all member countries to take preventive and anticipatory actions to control and reduce bird populations by conducting Risk Assessment and Habitat Management so that airport is not become attractive places for birds. This research aims to conduct a Risk Assessment (RA) on bird species in the airport environment, a case study at Soekarno-Hatta Airport. HRA is carried out using two methods, namely the based method (Sowden et al. 2007) and the modified method based on location, flight altitude and number of birds popullation. The results of the analysis of the two methods indicate that there are no bird species with a very high risk of bird strike hazard at Soekarno-Hatta Airport. Based on the modified method, there are five species of birds with a high risk of bird strike danger, namely rice heron (Ardeola speciosa), buffalo egret (Bubulcus ibis), silver egret (Ardea intermedia), red heron (Ardea purpurea), and bluwok heron (Mycteria cinerea). Meanwhile, based on the approach (Sowden et al. 2007) there are three types of birds that have a risk of causing significant danger in the event of a birdtsrike, namely the Bluwok heron, the gray heron (Ardea cinerea), and the Asian snakehead (Anhinga melanogaster).

Keberadaan burung di area bandar udara merupakan bahaya bagi penerbangan. Tabrakan antara pesawat udara dengan burung (birdstrikes) berpotensi menimbulkan kerusakan pesawat yang sangat merugikan bagi maskapai penerbangan secara finansial hingga menyebabkan kecelakaan fatal. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) memberikan rekomendasi ke seluruh negara anggota untuk melakukan tindakan preventif dan antisipatif untuk mengendalikan dan mengurangi populasi burung dengan melakukan Risk Asessment dan Habitat Management agar bandar udara tidak menjadi tempat yang menarik bagi burung. Peneitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan Risk Assessment (RA) terhadap jenis burung yang berada di lingkungan bandar udara, studi kasus di Bandar Udara Soekarno-Hatta. HRA dilakukan dengan dua metode yaitu metode berdasarkan (Sowden et al. 2007) dan metode modifikasi berdasarkan lokasi, ketinggian terbang dan jumlah individu burung. Hasil analisis dari kedua metode tersebut menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat jenis burung dengan resiko sangat tinggi bahaya bird strike di Bandar Udara Soekarno-Hatta. Berdasarkan metode modifikasi, terdapat lima jenis burung dengan resiko tinggi bahaya bird strike yaitu Blekok sawah (Ardeola speciosa), Kuntul kerbau (Bubulcus ibis), Kuntul perak (Ardea intermedia), Cangak merah (Ardea purpurea), dan Bangau bluwok (Mycteria cinerea). Sedangkan berdasarkan pendekatan (Sowden et al. 2007) terdapat 3 jenis burung yang memiliki resiko menimbulkan bahaya yang signifikan apabila terjadi birdtsrike, yaitu Bangau bluwok, Cangak abu (Ardea cinerea), dan Pecuk-ular asia (Anhinga melanogaster).

Keywords


Bandar udara, burung, birdstrike, Hazard Risk Assessment

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/wa.v47i1.433.82-93

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